To prevent apps from remembering the windows they had open, choose Apple menu System Preferences, click General, then select ”Close windows when quitting an app.” How To Stop Apps From Launching When Restarting Macbook. Or press and hold the Shift key while opening an app. Right-click on the App’s icon that you wish to stop from opening at startup. After right clicking on the app’s icon, a menu will pop-up. From the menu, hover your mouse over Options and then. Force quit the active app. To determine whether the spinning wheel of death is the result of a single app, click off of it onto the Mac desktop and force quit the app. Restart it again, and there may be no problem. There's a good chance, though, that you'll see the spinning pinwheel again with that app.

To quit (close) a Mac app normally, choose Quit from the app's menu in the menu bar, or press Command (⌘)-Q. If the app doesn't quit, follow these steps to force the app to quit.

How to force an app to quit

Press these three keys together: Option, Command, and Esc (Escape). Or choose Force Quit from the Apple menu  in the upper-left corner of your screen. (This is similar to pressing Control-Alt-Delete on a PC.)

Then select the app in the Force Quit window and click Force Quit.

You can even force the Finder to quit, if it stops responding: Select Finder in the Force Quit window, then click Relaunch.

Learn more

How to force an app to close on your iPhone, iPad, or iPod touch.

As Mac users, we have something to be happy about when it comes to app crashes and freezes: rarity. Typically you can work on your Mac for hours at a time without a single issue. However, a crashing app certainly can happen, leading to lost productivity, time and, worst of all, lost work. Fortunately, there are several steps you can take to recover from a crashed app, as well as prevent the issue in the first place.

How to fix a crashing app after the macOS upgrade

App crashes after the the macOS update is more than a common problem. Some apps freeze or malfunction, some won’t launch, some show no signs of life whatsoever. Why it happens? The most probable reason is that the app is simply not ready for the latest macOS Big Sur. Something in its depth turned out to be incompatible with the new macOS.

Now, what can you do to fix an app crashing? Three things.

First, see if you have the latest version of the app by clicking on its name it the top menu and choosing Check for updates.
Second, visit developer’s website (or App Store page) and see if they’ve issued a statement about Big Sur compatibility.
Finally, some crashed apps on macOS Big Sur can sometimes be fixed by running maintenance scripts. Download the Mac troubleshooting app, CleanMyMac X, launch it, find Maintenance tab and run the scripts (see details in the end of the article).

What happens when an app crashes: under the hood

Now let's go deeper into the nature of crashed apps, but first, let’s identify the difference between a crashed macOS app and a frozen one. While these terms are often used interchangeably, there is a notable difference.

Crash

A crash happens when a piece of software stops working altogether, and then closes on its own. In other words, the app quits when you did not tell it to. When this happens, you'll typically see a message noting that the application has 'unexpectedly quit” just as its windows disappears. It’s pretty frustrating — especially if you end up losing all your work.

Freeze

A freeze is when software stops functioning, but continues to run. You can still see its windows, and its Dock icon still indicates that it’s running. However, no amount of clicking or tabbing around will do anything. A frozen app doesn’t quit like a crashed app does, it simply becomes unresponsive. Often no error messages accompany the freeze. Again, it’s a frustrating experience (if you want to know how to deal with it, check out this post on how to fix frozen apps).

When software freezes, you force it to quit, so that you can re-launch and hopefully get on with your work. With crashes, meanwhile, the problem is the app quitting on its own. In this article, I’ll discuss recovering from app crashes, as well as steps that help prevent them in the first place. Let’s get started.

What to do when a Mac app crashes

The good news here is that a crashed app rarely brings down your entire Mac, as the trouble is restricted to that particular piece of software. That means we have a chance to recover. Let’s start with the simplest solutions.

First, just relaunch the app. When an app crashes, you’ll typically see a dialog box that says the software “unexpectedly quit” and you’ll have several options to deal with it, including “Relaunch”. Give that a click and cross your fingers that the crash doesn’t happen again. Oftentimes, you’re good from there. If not…

Try restarting your Mac. “Turn if off and back on again” is almost a punchline at this point, but it usually works. Shut down, restart and try again. Very often this simple task will set things right. If not, it’s time to try something just a little more involved.

Reinstall the app. Deleting the misbehaving app and grabbing a new copy gives you a fresh version to work with. That is, if you delete all of the app’s related files.

See, when you drag an app to the Trash, you aren’t deleting everything. Some leftover parts remain, and if the troublemaker is among them, your problem could persist. It’s a waste of time to delete an app via drag-and-drop, reinstall and then have it crash again. To make things right, you need to get rid of the app’s bits and pieces before you reinstall it, and this is where software like CleanMyMac X comes in handy.

An app that’s simply dragged to the Trash leaves behind a pile of associated files that you don’t see, like caches, preferences (often the culprit in crash-y apps), saved states, and more. You might not even know they’re there, but CleanMyMac X does. It’s smart enough to find the whole lot, safely remove them, and ensure that a newly installed app is just that: a complete fresh start.

Another wise move is to make sure there are no conflicts between the app and the Mac OS. When Apple pushes an update of its operating system to your Mac, that might interfere with your app’s performance, if the app or its add-ons are incompatible with this particular macOS version.

Reset SMC

SMC stands for System Management Controller and it can be reset by restarting your Mac in a special way.

Resetting the SMC often fixes bugs, like incorrect time & date readings which can cause apps to crash.

Try resetting the app itself

CleanMyMac X, developed by the iconic Mac developer, MacPaw can help you out here, too. Download it for free, go to its Uninstaller module and find the misbehaving app in the list.

Now, you can either uninstall your app completely, or reset it to its default state. The latter option is more convenient and should clear app-related cache files without deleting user data.

See if this method works on your Mac:
1. Launch CleanMyMac X.
2. Click on the Uninstaller tab in the sidebar.
3. Select an app from the list and click on the dropdown menu under 'Uninstall'
You'll see the additional 'Reset' option appear.
Is your app crashing now? If it does, uninstall it using the same tool and download it again.

Update the app via the Mac App Store

How can you stay on top of aging apps? Apple makes it easy with software purchased through the Mac App Store. Simply launch the App Store app, go to the Updates tab, and you’ll see all available app updates. Find the one you need in the list, click the Update button, and you’ll get the latest version to your Mac. It’s a bit different with software acquired outside the App Store: you’ll have to visit the vendor’s website to see if there’s a new version available.

What to do when an app crashes at launch

So far I’ve addressed what to do when an app crashes as you’re using it. But what about the frustrating scenario of an app going down as soon as you launch it? No warning, no dialog box, just a bounce or two in the Dock and that’s it. In this case, it’s time to repair disk permissions.

Repair disk permissions + Run Mainenance scripts

Both you can do with the mentioned Mac maintenance app, CleanMyMac X.
What’s does fixing permissions actually mean? Think of